Book 7 Dutch Civil Code
Particular agreements

• Title 7.1 Sale and exchange
  (Articles 1-50)
  • Section 7.1.1 General provisions for sale agreements (1-8)
    • Article 7:1 Definition of a 'sale agreement'
    • Article 7:2 Sale of a dwelling house
    • Article 7:3 Registration of the buyer's debt-claim for the delivery of bought immovable property
    • Article 7:4 Purchase price
    • Article 7:5 Consumer sale agreements
    • Article 7:6 Mandatory law
    • Article 7:6a Given guarantees
    • Article 7:7 Unasked for goods and services
    • Article 7:8 Sale of a newly-built house
  • Section 7.1.2 Legal duties and obligations of the seller (9-19)
    • Article 7:9 Main obligations of the seller
    • Article 7:10 Passage of risks
    • Article 7:11 Passage of risks in the event of a consumer sale agreement
    • Article 7:12 Costs of supply, taking delivery and legal transfer
    • Article 7:13 Costs of supply in the event of a consumer sale agreement
    • Article 7:14 Fruits (benefits) of the sold object
    • Article 7:15 Delivery without not accepted encumbrances and restrictions
    • Article 7:16 Support in legal proceedings
    • Article 7:17 Conformity with the sale agreement
    • Article 7:18 Conformity with a consumer sale agreement
    • Article 7:19 Foreclosure sale (sale under execution) or a claim of a third party
  • Section 7.1.3 Particular effects of a non-performance by the seller (20-25)
    • Article 7:20 Non-performance because of a not accepted encumbrance or restriction
    • Article 7:21 Non-performance because of a lack of conformity
    • Article 7:22 Lack of conformity with a consumer sale agreement
    • Article 7:23 Duty of the buyer to report a lack of conformity
    • Article 7:24 Compensation for damages in the event of a consumer sale agreement
    • Article 7:25 Right of recourse against previous sellers in the distribution chain
  • Section 7.1.4 Obligations of the buyer (26-30)
    • Article 7:26 Payment of the purchase price
    • Article 7:27 Withholding payment of the purchase price
    • Article 7:28 Prescription in the event of a consumer sale agreement
    • Article 7:29 Duty of the buyer who rejects the supplied object to preserve and to take care for it
    • Article 7:30 Duty to sell perishable or rapidly declining goods
  • Section 7.1.5 Particular effects of a default of the buyer (31-32)
    • Article 7:31 The buyer is in default of specifying the bought goods
    • Article 7:32 Duty for the creditor to sell perishable or rapidly declining goods that the buyer has wrongfully rejected
  • Section 7.1.6 Particular rights of rescission (33-35)
    • Article 7:33 Right of rescission when the buyer does not take delivery of the sold object
    • Article 7:34 Rescission based on an anticipatory breach of contract of the buyer
    • Article 7:35 Increasing the purchase price in the event of a consumer sale agreement
  • Section 7.1.7 Damages (36-38)
    • Article 7:36 Assets with a current value
    • Article 7:37 Covering purchase
    • Article 7:38 The right to a possibly higher compensation for damages
  • Section 7.1.8 Right of Reclamation (39-44)
    • Article 7:39 Seller's right of reclamation
    • Article 7:40 Bankruptcy of the buyer or a judicial suspension of payment under a moratorium
    • Article 7:41 The transferred thing(s) must still be in the same condition
    • Article 7:42 Protection of third parties
    • Article 7:43 The buyer has accepted a negotiable paper
    • Article 7:44 Expiration of the right of reclamation
  • Section 7.1.9 Sale on trial (45-46)
    • Article 7:45 Trial sale is a sale under a condition precedent
    • Article 7:46 Passage of risk at a trial sale
  • Section 7.1.9A Distance contracts (46a-46j)
    • Article 7:46a Definitions
    • Article 7:46b Exemptions to applicability
    • Article 7:46c Information to be provided in advance
    • Article 7:46d Consideration time and right of dissolution
    • Article 7:46e Dissolution of an accompanying loan agreement
    • Article 7:46f Non-performance by the seller
    • Article 7:46g Fraudulent use of payment cards
    • Article 7:46h Unasked for commercial communication
    • Article 7:46i Provision of services
    • Article 7:46j Mandatory law
  • Section 7.1.10 Sale of valuable rights (47-48)
    • Article 7:47 Corresponding applicability of Title 7.1 to the sale of valuable rights
    • Article 7:48 Sale of a share in a deceased's estate
  • Section 7.1.10A [repealed] (48a-48g)
    • Article 7:48a (repealed)
    • Article 7:48b (repealed)
    • Article 7:48c (repealed)
    • Article 7:48d (repealed)
    • Article 7:48e (repealed)
    • Article 7:48f (repealed)
    • Article 7:48g (repealed)
  • Section 7.1.11 [reserved]
  • Section 7.1.12 Exchange (49-50)
    • Article 7:49 Definition
    • Article 7:50 Corresponding applicability of the provisions of Title 7.1 to exchange agreements
• Title 7.1A Contracts of timesharing, long-term holiday products, assistance and exchange
  (Articles 50a - 50i)
  • Article 7:50a Definitions
  • Article 7:50b Pre-contractual information
  • Article 7:50c Conclusion of the contract
  • Article 7:50d Right of dissolution
  • Article 7:50e Dissolution by operation of law of other linked contracts
  • Article 7:50f Undue payments made within the applicable dissolution period
  • Article 7:50g Long-term holiday product contract
  • Article 7:50h Contract for the provision of assistance in trade and exchange contract
  • Article 7:50i Final provisions / protection of consumers
• Title 7.2 Financial collateral agreement
  (Articles 51 - 56)
  • Article 7:51 Definitions
  • Article 7:52 Necessary parties to a financial collateral agreement
  • Article 7:53 Financial collateral agreement to establish a pledge
  • Article 7:54 Rights of the collateral taker with a pledge
  • Article 7:55 No prohibited fiduciary transfer of ownership
  • Article 7:56 [repealed]
• Title 7.2A Credit contracts for consumers
  (Articles 57 - 73)
  • Section 7.2A.1 General provisions (57 – 58)
    • Article 7:57 Definitions
    • Article 7:58 Scope of application
  • Section 7.2A.2 Information and practices preliminary to the conclusion of the credit contract (59 – 60)
    • Article 7:59 Standard information to be included in advertising
    • Article 7:60 Pre-contractual information
  • Section 7.2A.3 Information and rights regarding credit contracts (61 – 70)
    • Article 7:61 Information to be included in credit contracts
    • Article 7:62 Information concerning the borrowing rate
    • Article 7:63 Obligations under a credit contract in the form of an overdraft facility
    • Article 7:64 Changes in coverage ratios and spreading requirements under a securities credit contracts
    • Article 7:65 Termination of a credit contract concluded for an indefinite period of time
    • Article 7:66 Right of dissolution
    • Article 7:67 Credit contract linked to other dissolved contracts
    • Article 7:68 Early repayment
    • Article 6:69 Assignment of rights to a third party
    • Article 7:70 Overrunning
  • Section 7.2A.4 Annual percentage rate of charge (71)
    • Article 7:71 Reference to the Directive
  • Section 7.2A.5 Creditors and credit intermediaries (72)
    • Article 7:72 Certain obligations of credit intermediaries towards consumers dissolution
  • Section 7.2A.6 Final provision (73)
    • Article 7:73 Mandatory law / protection of consumers
• Title 7.2D Contract of pawn
  (Articles 130 - 140)
  • Article 7:130 Definition of a contract of pawn
  • Article 7:131 Other definitions
  • Article 7:132 Pawner is a non-professional natural person
  • Article 7:133 Information to be provided prior to the conclusion of the contract
  • Article 7:134 Formal requirements for the contract and its content
  • Article 7:135 Loan period/right to claim the return of the pawned thing
  • Article 7:136 Pawner regains ownership by operation of law
  • Article 7:137 Calculation of the pawn charges
  • Article 7:138 Applicability of the provisions regarding pledge
  • Article 7:139 Loss suffered by the pawnbroker
  • Article 7:140 Mandatory law
• Title 7.3 Donation agreement
  (Articles 175-188)
  • Article 7:175 Definition of a 'donation agreement'
  • Article 7:176 Voidability on the ground of an abuse of circumstances
  • Article 7:177 Donation to be performed after the death of the donor
  • Article 7:178 Donation to a confidential counsellor or care provider
  • Article 7:179 End of a revocable offer; offer for a reward
  • Article 7:180 Donation subject to a condition subsequent and a condition precedent
  • Article 7:181 Necessary existence of the donee
  • Article 7:182 Fiduciary administration of property
  • Article 7:183 Liability for legal and factual defects in the donated property
  • Article 7:184 Voidability of the donation agreement
  • Article 7:185 Nullification of a voidable donation agreement
  • Article 7:186 Corresponding applicability of Title 7.3 to other gifts; definition of 'gifts'
  • Article 7:187 Gifts against a counter performance; mixed agreements
  • Article 7:188 Appointment as beneficiary of a non-indemnity insurance
• Title 7.4 Lease agreement
  (Articles 201-310)
  • Section 7.4.1 General provisions (201-202)
    • Article 7:201 Definition of a 'lease agreement'
    • Article 7:202 Entitlement to the fruits (benefits) of the leased thing
  • Section 7.4.2 Obligations of the lessor (203-211)
    • Article 7:203 Placing the leased out property at the disposal of the lessee
    • Article 7:204 Defects in the leased property
    • Article 7:205 The rights (actions) and legal remedies of Book 6 of the Civil Code
    • Article 7:206 Remedy of defects
    • Article 7:207 Reduction of the rent
    • Article 7:208 Damages
    • Article 7:209 Mandatory law
    • Article 7:210 No agreed enjoyment left
    • Article 7:211 Rights of action (legal claims) of third persons against the lessee
  • Section 7.4.3 Obligations of the lessee (212-225)
    • Article 7:212 Counter performance
    • Article 7:213 Prudent lessee
    • Article 7:214 Use in conformity with the intended purpose
    • Article 7:215 Changes to the leased property
    • Article 7:216 Right of removal and right of compensation
    • Article 7:217 Minor repairs
    • Article 7:218 Presumption of proof with regard to the liability of the lessee
    • Article 7:219 Liability of the lessee for behaviour of third persons
    • Article 7:220 Urgent works and renovations
    • Article 7:221 Sublease
    • Article 7:222 Duty to inform the lessor of defects
    • Article 7:223 Duty to allow potential lessees or buyers to make a visit
    • Article 7:224 Duty to return the leased property at the end of the lease
    • Article 7:225 No eviction in good time
  • Section 7.4.4 Passage of the lease agreement when the leased property is transferred and the ending of the lease (226-232)
    • Article 7:226 Passage of the lease at a transfer of the leased property
    • Article 7:227 Lease has priority over a later established real property right
    • Article 7:228 End of the lease due to the expiry of the lease period or a termination
    • Article 7:229 Consequences of the death of one of the parties
    • Article 7:230 Actual continuation of the lease after it has ended
    • Article 7:230a Eviction at the end of the lease of constructed immovable property not being a residential space or a retail building
    • Article 7:231 Rescission of the lease agreement by the court
  • Section 7.4.5 Lease of residential spaces (232-289)
    • Subsection 7.4.5.1 General provisions
    • Article 7:232 Applicability of statutory provisions and exceptions
    • Article 7:233 'Residential space'
    • Article 7:234 'Separate dwelling'
    • Article 7:235 'Mobile home'
    • Article 7:236 'Mobile home stand'
    • Article 7:237 'Lease price', rent' and 'service charges'
    • Article 7:238 'Rent committee'
    • Article 7:239 'Minister'
    • Article 7:240 Minor repairs of residential spaces
    • Article 7:241 Order in Council for defects
    • Article 7:242 Semi-mandatory law for the lease of residential spaces
    • Article 7:243 Demanding energy saving measures
    • Article 7:244 Subleasing of a residential space
    • Article 7:245 Implementation Act on Housing Rent
    • Subsection 7.4.5.2 Rent and other compensations
    • § 1. Rent
    • Article 7:246 Freedom of contract
    • Article 7:247 Liberalized residential spaces
    • Article 7:248 Indexation clause
    • Article 7:249 Request of the lessee addressed to the rent committee
    • Article 7:250 Change of the rent upon a request of the lessor or lessee
    • Article 7:251 Rent increase at the most once a year
    • Article 7:252 Written proposition to change the rent
    • Article 7:252a Increase of rent related to the income of the lessee
    • Article 7:252b Decrease of rent related to a decrease of income of the lessee
    • Article 7:253 Objections against a proposal to increase the rent
    • Article 7:254 Decrease of the rent
    • Article 7:255 Increase of the rent after a housing improvement
    • Article 7:256 [repealed]
    • Article 7:257 Maintenance procedure
    • § 2. Other compensations
    • Article 7:258 All-in lease price
    • Article 7:259 Service charges
    • Article 7:260 Service charge procedure
    • Article 7:261 Advance payment of service charges
    • § 3. Final provisions
    • Article 7:262 Legal claim (right of action) to be filed at the Subdistrict Court
    • Article 7:263 Commencing date of the increased or reduced rent
    • Article 7:264 Stipulated unreasonable advantage for one of the parties or a third person
    • Article 7:265 Mandatory law
    • Subsection 7.4.5.3 Joint lease and continuation of the lease agreement
    • Article 7:266 Joint lease of the spouse or registered partner
    • Article 7:267 Joint lease of other persons living together
    • Article 7:268 Position of the co-lessee and other occupants after the death of the lessee
    • Article 7:269 Protection of the sublessee of a separate dwelling
    • Article 7:270 Exchange of houses
    • Article 7:270a Information duty
    • Subsection 7.4.5.4 The end of a lease agreement
    • Article 7:271 Termination of the lease of a residential space
    • Article 7:272 Legal effect of a termination (claim in court of the lessor)
    • Article 7:273 Legal effects when the legal claim of the lessor is rejected or granted
    • Article 7:274 Grounds for termination of the lease of residential spaces
    • Article 7:275 Moving expenses and settling-in costs
    • Article 7:276 Liability when the lessor was not urgently in need to use the residential space himself
    • Article 7:277 End of the lease agreement after it has been extended
    • Article 7:278 Legal effects of the end of the main lease agreement for a sublessee
    • Article 7:279 Rescission of a lease agreement with respect to a condemned or dangerous dwelling
    • Article 7:280 Respite period
    • Article 7:281 Rescission of a lease agreement to realize an allowed land use of the leased property
    • Article 7:282 Mandatory law
    • Articles 7:283 - 7:289 [reserved]
  • Section 7.4.6 Lease of retail spaces (290-310)
    • Article 7:290 Application with regard to 'retail spaces'
    • Article 7:291 Semi-mandatory law
    • Article 7:292 Initial lease period and extended lease period
    • Article 7:293 Terms of notice and termination formalities
    • Article 7:294 Mentioning the grounds for termination
    • Article 7:295 Legal effects of a termination (claim in court of the lessor)
    • Article 7:296 Grounds for termination
    • Article 7:297 Moving expenses and settling-in costs
    • Article 7:298 Respite period to accept the offer of the lessor
    • Article 7:299 Liability when the proposed person never wanted to take permanent use of the leased retail space personally
    • Article 7:300 Termination of the lease after the second lease period has expired
    • Article 7:301 Lease period of two years or less
    • Article 7:302 Termination by the heirs, the spouse or the registered partner of the lessee
    • Article 7:303 Assessment of the rent by the court
    • Article 7:304 Expert opinion
    • Article 7:305 Increase of the rent after applying energy saving measures
    • Article 7:306 Legal effect of the end of the main lease agreement for a sublessee
    • Article 7:307 Subrogation (substitution) of the lessee of a retail space
    • Article 7:308 Compensation for goodwill and other benefits at the end of the lease agreement
    • Article 7:309 Demolition in the public interest and compensation for damages
    • Article 7:310 Rescission of a lease agreement in connection with the realization of a land use plan
• Title 7.5 Farm lease agreement
  (Articles 311-399e)
  • Section 7.5.1 General provisions (311-316)
    • Article 7:311 Definition of 'farm lease agreement'
    • Article 7:312 Definition of ‘commercial farming'
    • Article 7:313 Definition of 'farm house' and of 'unbuilt farmland'
    • Article 7:314 Definition of 'foster-child'
    • Article 7:315 Leased farmland alongside water
    • Article 7:316 Perception of fruits (benefits)
  • Section 7.5.2 Form of the farm lease agreement (317)
    • Article 7:317 Agreement in writing
  • Section 7.5.3 Approval to a farm lease agreement by the Agricultural Lease Authority (318-324)
    • Article 7:318 Required approval of the Agricultural Lease Authority
    • Article 7:319 Grounds for disapproval
    • Article 7:320 Modification or nullification of an agreement by the Agricultural Lease Authority
    • Article 7:321 Obligation of parties to ask for the approval of the Agricultural Lease Authority
    • Article 7:322 Consequences when the farm lease agreement itself is not sent in for approval
    • Article 7:323 Consequences when an agreement to change or end the farm lease agreement is not sent in for approval
    • Article 7:324 First draft sent in for approval
  • Section 7.5.4 Duration of the lease period under the farm lease agreement (325-326)
    • Article 7:325 Fixed lease period and extension of the duration of the farm lease
    • Article 7:326 Revision of the content of an existing farm lease agreement
  • Section 7.5.5 Farm rent (327-335)
    • Article 7:327 Maximum farm rent
    • Article 7:328 Counter performance for the use of the farm or the land
    • Article 7:329 Specific public charges and duties are partly chargeable to the lessee
    • Article 7:330 Reduction of the farm rent because of extraordinary circumstances
    • Article 7:331 Increase of the farm rent because of beneficial works of public authorities
    • Article 7:332 Increase of the farm rent after beneficial works of the lessor
    • Article 7:333 Revision of the farm rent and reconsideration of the counter performance
    • Article 7:334 [repealed]
    • Article 7:335 No change of the counter performance on the basis of unforeseen circumstances
  • Section 7.5.6 Obligations of the lessor (336-345)
    • Article 7:336 Placing the leased out property at the disposal of the lessee
    • Article 7:337 Defects in the leased property
    • Article 7:338 The rights (actions) and legal remedies of Book 6 of the Civil Code
    • Article 7:339 Remedy of defects
    • Article 7:340 Reduction of the farm rent
    • Article 7:341 Damages
    • Article 7:342 Mandatory law
    • Article 7:343 No agreed enjoyment left
    • Article 7:344 Rights of action (legal claims) of third persons against the lessee
    • Article 7:345 Obligation of the lessor to rebuild destroyed constructed immovable things
  • Section 7.5.7 Obligations of the lessee (346-360)
    • Article 7:346 Counter performance
    • Article 7:347 Prudent lessee
    • Article 7:348 Changes to the leased property
    • Article 7:349 Right of removal
    • Article 7:350 Compensation for introduced improvements
    • Article 7:351 Minor repairs
    • Article 7:352 Presumption of proof with regard to the liability of the lessee
    • Article 7:353 Liability of the lessee for behaviour of third persons
    • Article 7:354 Urgent work and necessary improvements initiated by the lessor
    • Article 7:355 Sublease of the leased farm or land
    • Article 7:356 Duty to inform the lessor of defects
    • Article 7:357 Duty to allow potential lessees or buyers to make a visit
    • Article 7:358 Duty to return the leased property at the end of the lease
    • Article 7:359 No eviction in good time and compensatory farm rent
    • Article 7:360 Obligations of the leaving and upcoming lessees when taking over the leased property
  • Section 7.5.8 Passage of the farm lease agreement when the leased property is transferred (361-362)
    • Article 7:361 Passage of the farm lease agreement at a transfer of the leased property
    • Article 7:362 Farm lease agreement has priority over a later established limited property right
  • Section 7.5.9 Subrogation (substitution) of the contractual position under a farm lease agreement (363-365)
    • Article 7:363 Subrogation (substitution) of the lessee
    • Article 7:364 Appointment by the court of one or more related persons as co-lessee
    • Article 7:365 Co-lessee who is released or dismissed from the farm lease agreement
  • Section 7.5.10 End of a farm lease agreement (366-377)
    • Article 7:366 Legal effects of the death of one of the parties
    • Article 7:367 Termination and term of notice
    • Article 7:368 Mentioning the grounds for termination
    • Article 7:369 Lessor may claim in court to end the farm lease agreement
    • Article 7:370 Grounds for termination are to be mentioned
    • Article 7:371 Respite period to accept the offer of the lessor
    • Article 7:372 Eviction of the premises and moving expenses and settling-in costs
    • Article 7:373 Liability of the lessor when the ground for termination in reality never existed
    • Article 7:374 End of the farm lease agreement for just a part of the leased property
    • Article 7:375 (repealed)
    • Article 7:376 Rescission of the farm lease agreement based on a failure in the performance by the lessee
    • Article 7:377 Plan to use the leased property for non-agricultural purposes
  • Section 7.5.11 The pre-emptive right of the lessee (378-384)
    • Article 7:378 Requirements for the existence of a pre-emptive right
    • Article 7:379 Request to price (appreciate) the market value of the right to be alienated
    • Article 7:380 Situations in which no pre-emptive right exists
    • Article 7:381 A pre-emptive right excluded by administrative and public law
    • Article 7:382 Notification of a public sale of the leased property other than by foreclosure
    • Article 7:383 Consequences of a violation of the pre-emptive right of the lessee
    • Article 7:384 If the lessee alienates the acquired right within ten years he must pay a compensation to the lessor
  • Section 7.5.12 Specific farm lease agreements (385-398)
    • Subsection 7.5.12.1 Public authorities leasing out a farm house or unbuilt land
    • Article 7:385 Approval of the Agricultural Lease Authority of derogating contractual provisions in the farm lease agreement
    • Article 7:386 Limited possibilities for the Agricultural Lease Authority to examine the derogating contractual provisions of the farm lease agreement
    • Article 7:387 The right of the lessee to an indemnity when the farm lease agreement is ended
    • Subsection 7.5.12.2 Leasing out property within a land reserve
    • Article 7:388 Definition of 'land reserve'
    • Article 7:389 Special obligations for the lessee in the farm lease agreement
    • Article 7:390 Lease period of six years
    • Article 7:391 The lease period is extended each time with six years; extra ground for termination
    • Article 7:392 Revision of the contractual provisions of the farm lease agreement by the Agricultural Lease Authority
    • Article 7:393 Additional compensation for the lessee
    • Article 7:394 Revision of the compensation by the Agricultural Lease Authority
    • Subsection 7.5.12.3 Farm lease agreements related to small areas of land
    • Article 7:395 Unbuilt land smaller than one hectare
    • Subsection 7.5.12.4 Farm lease for crop growing and liberalised farm lease agreements
    • Article 7:396 Cultivations for one or two years
    • Article 7:397 Lease period related to unbuilt land for f six years or shorter or for longer than six years
    • Article 7:398 Legal effect on the farm lease agreement of the death of the lessee or lessor
  • Section 7.5.13 Mandatory law in Title 7.5 (399-399c)
    • Article 7:399 Mandatory law for the protection of the lessee
    • Article 7:399a Financial charges levied by public authorities on the lessor
    • Article 7:399b Condition that the Agricultural Lease Agreement will not modify the farm lease agreement
    • Article 399c Other null and void contractual provisions
  • Section 7.5.14 Final provisions (399d-399e)
    • Article 7:399d Real property rights vested on leased farm houses or unbuilt land
    • Article 7:399e Approval for the appointment of a farm manager
• Title 7.6 Loan agreement
  (Articles not yet incorporated)
• Title 7.7 Service provision agreement
  (Articles 400-468)
  • Section 7.7.1 Provision of services in general (400-413)
    • Article 7:400 Definition of 'service provision agreement'
    • Article 7:401 Obligation to observe the care of a prudent service provider
    • Article 7:402 Obligation to follow the directions of the client
    • Article 7:403 Obligation to inform the client; rendering account
    • Article 7:404 The client intends that the service is to be performed by a specific person
    • Article 7:405 Remuneration of the service provider
    • Article 7:406 Expense allowance and compensation for damages
    • Article 7:407 Two or more clients or two or more service providers
    • Article 7:408 Termination of the service provision agreement
    • Article 7:409 Death of a particularly assigned service provider
    • Article 7:410 Death of the client
    • Article 7:411 Obligation to pay a remuneration (fee) when the service provision agreement ends prematurely
    • Article 7:412 Prescription period for the right to claim the handing over of documents
    • Article 7:413 Mandatory law
  • Section 7.7.2 Mandate agreement (414-424)
    • Article 7:414 Definition of 'mandate agreement'
    • Article 7:415 Mandate to two or more mandatories
    • Article 7:416 Mandatory in the position of counterparty of the mandator
    • Article 7:417 One mandatory serving two or more mandators
    • Article 7:418 Other situations with a confusion of interests
    • Article 7:419 Mandator suffers damage because a third party fails to comply towards the mandatory
    • Article 7:420 Relationship between the mandator and a third person: powers and rights of the mandator
    • Article 7:421 Relationship between the mandator and a third person: powers and rights of the third person
    • Article 7:422 Premature ending of the mandate agreement
    • Article 7:423 Stipulation that the mandator himself is no longer entitled to perform the juridical act
    • Article 7:424 Section 7.7.2 applies accordingly to other similar agreements
  • Section 7.7.3 Intermediary agreement (425-427)
    • Article 7:425 Definition of 'intermediary agreement'
    • Article 7:426 Fee (remuneration)
    • Article 7:427 Confusion of interests
  • Section 7.7.4 Commercial agency agreement (428-445)
    • Article 7:428 Definition of 'commercial agency agreement'
    • Article 7:429 Liability of the agent
    • Article 7:430 Caring duty of the principal
    • Article 7:431 Commission (fee)
    • Article 7:432 Moment on which a right to commission (a remuneration) arises
    • Article 7:433 Overview of the calculated commission
    • Article 7:434 Moment on which the commission (remuneration) becomes due and demandable
    • Article 7:435 No commission, but another remuneration instead
    • Article 7:436 Continuation of the commercial agency agreement after the expiry of a fixed term
    • Article 7:437 Termination of the commercial agency agreement
    • Article 7:438 Death of the agent or principal
    • Article 7:439 Unlawful termination (compelling reason)
    • Article 7:440 Dissolution of the commercial agency agreement
    • Article 7:441 Compensation for damages
    • Article 7:442 Goodwill compensation
    • Article 7:443 Non-competition obligation (restraint of trade claus)
    • Article 7:444 Prescription
    • Article 7:445 Mandatory law
  • Section 7.7.5 Medical treatment agreement (446-468)
    • Article 7:446 Definition of 'medical treatment agreement'
    • Article 7:447 Minors of 16 years and older
    • Article 7:448 Information duty
    • Article 7:449 Right to not know
    • Article 7:450 Necessary consent of the patient
    • Article 7:451 Consent of the patient put down in writing
    • Article 7:452 Information duty of the patient and duty to cooperate
    • Article 7:453 Observing the standards of a prudent care provider
    • Article 7:454 Filing duty
    • Article 7:455 Destruction of the file
    • Article 7:456 Inspection right regarding the patient's file and right to make copies
    • Article 7:457 Obligation of secrecy
    • Article 7:458 Data for scientific research
    • Article 7:459 Right to privacy
    • Article 7:460 Termination of the medical treatment agreement by the care provider
    • Article 7:461 Remuneration
    • Article 7:462 Joint liability of the hospital
    • Article 7:463 No limitation or exclusion of liability
    • Article 7:464 Medical actions other than on the basis of a medical treatment agreement
    • Article 7:465 Legal representation of patients who have no legal capacity to act for themselves
    • Article 7:466 Necessary consent in emergency situations
    • Article 7:467 Bodily materials for scientific research
    • Article 7:468 Mandatory law
• Title 7.7A Travel agreement
  (Articles 500-513)
  • Article 7:500 Definitions
  • Article 7:501 Information to be provided prior to the conclusion of the travel agreement
  • Article 7:502 Information to be provided immediately after the conclusion of the travel agreement
  • Article 7:503 Termination of the travel agreement by the traveller
  • Article 7:504 Termination of the travel agreement by the tour operator
  • Article 7:505 Change of the content of the travel agreement by the tour operator
  • Article 7:506 Substitution of the traveller
  • Article 7:507 Compliance in conformity with the travel agreement
  • Article 7:508 Exclusion clauses in the event of death or physical injury
  • Article 7:509 Exclusion clauses in other situations
  • Article 7:510 Compensation for immaterial loss ('pretio doloris')
  • Article 7:511 Amount of compensation for immaterial loss
  • Article 7:512 Protection against financial incapability of the tour operato
  • Article 7:513 Mandatory law
• Title 7.7B Payment transactions
  (Articles 514-551)
  • Section 7.7B.1 General provisions (514-521a)
    • Article 7:514 Definitions
    • Article 7:515 Scope of Title 7.7B
    • Article 7:516 Accessibility of information and contractual provisions of the framework contract
    • Article 7:517 Changes in the contractual provisions of the framework contract or other applicable information and conditions
    • Article 7:518 Termination
    • Article 7:519 Currency and currency conversion
    • Article 7:520 Charges for information
    • Article 7:521 Derogation from information requirements for low-value payment instruments and electronic money
    • Article 7:521a Right of repayment of electronic money
  • Section 7.7B.2 Consent given to payment orders (522-531)
    • Article 7:522 Consent and withdrawal of consent
    • Article 7:523 Limits of the use of the payment instrument
    • Article 7:524 Obligations of the payment service user in relation to payment instruments
    • Article 7:525 Obligations of the payment service provider in relation to payment instruments
    • Article 7:526 Notification of unauthorised or incorrectly executed payment transactions
    • Article 7:527 Evidence on authentication and execution of payment transactions
    • Article 7:528 Payment service provider's liability for unauthorised payment transactions
    • Article 7:529 Payer's liability for unauthorised payment transactions
    • Article 7:530 Refunds for payment transactions initiated by or through a payee
    • Article 7:531 Requests for refunds for payment transactions initiated by or through a payee
  • Section 7.7B.3 Executions of payment transactions (532-548)
    • Subsection 7.7B.3.1 payment orders, expenses and amounts transferred
    • Article 7:532 Receipt of payment orders
    • Article 7:533 Refusal of payment orders
    • Article 7:534 Irrevocability of a payment order
    • Article 7:535 Amounts transferred and amounts received
    • Subsection 7.7B.3.2 Execution time of a payment transaction and value date
    • Article 7:536 Scope of this Subsection
    • Article 7:537 Payment transactions to a payment account
    • Article 7:538 Absence of payee's payment account with the payment service provider
    • Article 7:539 Cash placed on a payment account
    • Article 7:540 Shorter execution periods for national payment transactions by Order in Council
    • Article 7:541 Value date and availability of funds
    • Subsection 7.7B.3.3 Liability
    • Article 7:542 Incorrect unique identifiers
    • Article 7:543 Liability of the payer’s payment service provider for non-execution or defective execution
    • Article 7:544 Liability of the payee’s payment service provider for non-execution or defective execution
    • Article 7:545 Additional liability of the payment service providers for costs and interest
    • Article 7:546 Additional financial compensation
    • Article 7: 547 Right of recourse
    • Article 7:548 No liability (legal excuse)
  • Section 7.7B.4 Final provisions (549-551)
    • Article 7:549 Additional provisions to be set by or pursuant to Order in Council
    • Article 7:550 Mandatory law (consumer transactions)
    • Article 7:551 Provisions set by Order in Council are mandatory (consumer transactions)
• Title 7.8 Publishing agreement
  (Articles not yet incorporated)
• Title 7.9 Safe custody agreement
  (Articles 600-609)
  • Article 7:600 Definition of 'safe custody agreement'
  • Article 7:601 Custody charges, expenses and damage
  • Article 7:602 Caring duty
  • Article 7:603 Use of the property and sub-depositary
  • Article 7:604 Handing over of fruits (benefits)
  • Article 7:605 Return of the kept property
  • Article 7:606 Two or more safekeepers
  • Article 7:607 Negotiable warehouse receipt
  • Article 7:608 Effect of the safe custody agreement on liability towards third persons
  • Article 7:609 Liability of a hotelkeeper
• Title 7.10 Employment agreement
  (Articles 610-692)
  • Section 7.10.1 General provisions (610-615)
    • Article 7:610 Definition of 'employment agreement'
    • Article 7:610a Presumption of the existence of an employment agreement
    • Article 7:610b Presumption of the number of contracted working hours
    • Article 7:611 Act as a 'reasonable and fair' employer or employee
    • Article 7:612 Employees under age
    • Article 7:613 Change of existing conditions of employment
    • Article 7:613a [repealed]
    • Article 7:613b [repealed]
    • Article 7:613c [repealed]
    • Article 7:614 Prescription of a right of action to nullify a voidable stipulation
    • Article 7:615 Employees in the public sector
  • Section 7.10.2 Wages (616-633)
    • Article 7:616 Payment of wages on a specific date
    • Article 7:617 Allowed kind of fixed wages
    • Article 7:618 Usual wages
    • Article 7:619 Right of inspection of the employee
    • Article 7:620 Payment of wages in legal currency
    • Article 7:621 Legal consequences of a wrong payment of wages
    • Article 7:622 Place of payment
    • Article 7:623 Time of payment of wages fixed in money terms
    • Article 7:624 Time of payment of other wages in money
    • Article 7:625 Legal increase when wages are paid late
    • Article 7:626 Payslip
    • Article 7:627 When no work has been performed there is no entitlement to wages
    • Article 7:628 No work performed, but still an entitlement to wages
    • Article 7:628a Minimum claim to wages for each call to perform work
    • Article 7:629 Inability to work due to sickness, pregnancy or the delivery of a child
    • Article 7:629a Second opinion medical examination
    • Article 7:629b [repealed]
    • Article 7:630 Employer who is prevented from paying out wages in kind
    • Article 7:631 Withholding wages and imposed spending
    • Article 7:632 Offsetting of wages
    • Article 7:633 Transfer of debt-claims (assignment) and establishing a pledge
  • Section 7.10.3 Holiday and leave (634-645)
    • Article 7:634 Accrue of holiday entitlements
    • Article 7:635 Specific rules for the building up of holiday entitlements
    • Article 7:636 Days to be regarded as holiday
    • Article 7:637 Sickness and holiday
    • Article 7:638 Determination of holiday periods
    • Article 7:639 Right to wages during holiday leave
    • Article 7:640 Pay off of not used holiday entitlements
    • Article 7:641 Not used holiday entitlements at the end of the employment agreement
    • Article 7:642 Prescription of holiday entitlements
    • Article 7:643 Unpaid political leave
    • Article 7:644 [repealed]
    • Article 7:645 Mandatory law
  • Section 7.10.4 Equal treatment (646-649)
    • Article 7:646 No discrimination on the basis of gender (equality between men and women)
    • Article 7:647 No adverse treatment of employees who invoke ä non-discrimination rule
    • Article 7:648 No discrimination on the basis of working time (full-time/part-time)
    • Article 7:649 No discrimination on the basis of indefinite or temporary employment agreements
  • Section 7.10.5 Some particular stipulations in an employment agreement (650-653)
    • Article 7:650 Contractual penalty clause
    • Article 7:651 Contractual penalty and the right to claim damages
    • Article 7:652 Probationary period
    • Article 7:653 Non-competition clause
  • Section 7.10.6 Particular obligations for the employer (654-658b)
    • Article 7:654 Costs of making a written employment agreement
    • Article 7:655 Duty of the employer to inform the employee of specific data
    • Article 7:656 Employee testimonial
    • Article 7:657 Duty to inform the employee of a job vacancy
    • Article 7:658 Care duty of the employer
    • Article 7:658a Reintegration to work of sick employees
    • Article 7:658b Second opinion of an impartial expert
  • Section 7.10.7 Particular obligations for the employee (659-661)
    • Article 7:659 Obligation to perform the work personally
    • Article 7:660 Employer's right of instruction
    • Article 7:660a Duties of a sick employee
    • Article 7:661 Liability of the employee for damage inflicted on the employer or a third person
  • Section 7.10.8 Rights of the employee at a transition of the enterprise (662-666)
    • Article 7:662 Definitions
    • Article 7:663 Safeguarding of employees' rights
    • Article 7:664 Pension entitlements
    • Article 7:665 Transition, change of circumstances and rescission of the employment agreement
    • Article 7:665a Duty to provide information
    • Article 7:666 Bankruptcy and the crew of a sea ship
  • Section 7.10.9. End of an employment agreement (667-686)
    • Article 7:667 Ending of an employment agreement by operation of law or because of a termination
    • Article 7:668 Silent (tacit) continuation of a fixed-term employment agreement
    • Article 7:668a A chain of fixed-term employment agreements
    • Article 7:669 Notification of the reason of termination
    • Article 7:670 Termination ban
    • Article 7:670a Required authorisation of the Subdistrict Court for termination
    • Article 7:670b Exemptions to termination bans
    • Article 7:671 [repealed]
    • Article 7:672 Term of notice of termination
    • Article 7:673 [repealed]
    • Article 7:674 Death of the employee
    • Article 7:675 Death of the employer
    • Article 7:676 Termination during a probationary period
    • Article 7:677 Liability due to an irregular termination
    • Article 7:678 Urgent reasons for the employer to terminate the employment agreement immediately
    • Article 7:679 Urgent reason for the employee to terminate the employment agreement immediately
    • Article 7:680 Fixed compensation for damages
    • Article 7:680a Moderation of a legal claim for the payment of wages
    • Article 7:681 Obviously unreasonable termination
    • Article 7:682 Court order to restore the employment agreement
    • Article 7:683 Prescription
    • Article 7:684 Termination of an employment agreement with a duration of five years or more
    • Article 7:685 Dissolution of the employment agreement by the Subdistrict Court
    • Article 7:686 Rescission of the employment agreement on the ground of non-performance
  • Section 7.10.10 Particular provisions for a trade representative (687-689)
  • Article 7:687 Definition of a 'trade representative'
  • Article 7:688 Application of various statutory provisions for intermediary agreements and commercial agency agreements
  • Article 7:689 Fixed compensation for damages
  • Section 7.10.11 Particular provisions for a secondment agreement (690-692)
    • Article 7:690 Definition of 'secondment agreement'
    • Article 7:691 Ending of a secondment agreement
    • Article 7:692 Minimum wage and minimum holiday allowance for employees working in the Netherlands
• Title 7.11 Collective labour agreement
  (Articles not yet incorporated)
• Title 7.12 Construction agreement
  (Articles 750-769)
  • Section 7.12.1 Construction agreement in general (750-764)
    • Article 7:750 Definition of 'construction agreement'
    • Article 7:751 Subcontractors
    • Article 7:752 Price has not been determined
    • Article 7:753 Cost-increasing circumstances
    • Article 7:754 Duty of the constructor to give a warning
    • Article 7:755 Additional work performed
    • Article 7:756 Dissolution of the construction agreement prior to the completion of the work
    • Article 7:757 Impossibility to perform the work
    • Article 7:758 Completion and delivery of the construction
    • Article 7:759 Repair of construction defects
    • Article 7:760 Liability for materials and equipment
    • Article 7:761 Prescription of legal actions based on construction defects
    • Article 7:762 Liability for concealed construction defects
    • Article 7:763 Death of the constructor or a long lasting inability to work
    • Article 7:764 Termination of the construction agreement
  • Section 7.12.2 Particular provisions for the construction of a house on behalf of a natural person who does not act in the course of a professional practice or business (765-769)
    • Article 7:765 Applicability of Section 7.12.2
    • Article 7:766 Written agreement and period of reflection
    • Article 7:767 Payment of the contract price
    • Article 7:768 Withholding the last 5% of the contract price
    • Article 7:769 Mandatory law
• Title 7.13 Commercial partnership agreement
  (Articles net yet incorporated)
• Title 7.14 Surety agreement
  (Articles 850-870)
  • Section 7.14.1 General provisions (850-856)
    • Article 7:850 Definition of 'surety agreement'
    • Article 7:851 Accessory right; security for future obligations
    • Article 7:852 Means of defence for the surety; right to withhold performance
    • Article 7:853 Prescription
    • Article 7:854 The object of the secured obligation is another performance than the payment of a sum of money
    • Article 7:855 Auxiliary character of the surety obligation
    • Article 7:856 Statutory interest and costs of suing the principal debtor
  • Section 7.14.2 Suretyship accepted outside the course of a professional practice or business (857-864)
    • Article 7:857 Definition of 'private suretyship'
    • Article 7:858 Maximum amount of liability must be mentioned in the surety agreement
    • Article 7:859 Only a written document is allowed as means of proof
    • Article 7:860 More burdensome terms and conditions
    • Article 7:861 To be secured future obligations of the principal debtor
    • Article 7:862 Mandatory law for a private suretyship
    • Article 7:863 Application of Section 7.14.2 to other agreements
    • Article 7:864 Assignment to enter into a suretyship or a similar agreement
  • Section 7.14.3 The effects of a suretyship between the principal debtor and the surety and between sureties and non-debtors who are liable for someone else's obligation (865-870)
    • Article 7:865 Reasonableness and fairness
    • Article 7:866 Right of recourse of the surety against the principal debtor
    • Article 7:867 Performance by the surety as well as by the principal debtor
    • Article 7:868 Means of defence
    • Article 7:869 Imputation of the irrecoverable part
    • Article 7:870 Sub-suretyship
• Title 7.15 Settlement agreement
  (Articles 900-910)
  • Article 7:900 Definition of 'settlement agreement'
  • Article 7:901 Requirements for the establishment of the new legal status
  • Article 7:902 Establishment in conflict with mandatory law
  • Article 7:903 No retroactive effect towards third persons
  • Article 7:904 Conflict with reasonableness and fairness; absence of a valid determination
  • Article 7:905 Rescission and dissolution of the settlement agreement
  • Article 7:906 Application of the statutory provisions of Title 7.15 to similar legal grounds
  • Article 7:907 Agreement on a financial settlement of mass damages debt-claims
  • Article 7:908 Legal effect of an agreement which is declared binding by the court
  • Article 7:909 The court's power to give a decision on the compensation
  • Article 7:910 Other debtors who are joint and several liable; distribution of a remaining sum
• Title 7.16 Gambling and game agreement
  (Articles not yet incorporated)
• Title 7.17 Insurance agreement
  (Articles 925-986)
  • Section 7.17.1 General provisions (925-943)
    • Article 7:925 Definition of 'insurance agreement'
    • Article 7:926 'Insurance benefit' and 'beneficiary'
    • Article 7:927 Reinsurance agreements
    • Article 7:928 Pre-contractual information duty
    • Article 7:929 Legal effects of a non-observance of the pre-contractual information duty or the insurance agreement
    • Article 7:930 Legal effects of a non-observance of the pre-contractual information duty for the entitlement to insurance benefits
    • Article 7:931 Exclusion of normal grounds of voidability
    • Article 7:932 Handing over of a written insurance policy
    • Article 7:933 Communications from the insurer must be in writing
    • Article 7:934 No timely payment of subsequent insurance premiums
    • Article 7:935 Offsetting due and demandable debts with insurance benefits
    • Article 7:936 Payment of insurance premiums and the 'del credere clause'
    • Article 7:937 Acquittal of the insurer towards the beneficiary
    • Article 7:938 Return of premium when no risk has been run
    • Article 7:939 Reduction of premiums in the event of an in between termination
    • Article 7:940 Duration and ending of an insurance agreement
    • Article 7:941 Information duty at the materialisation of the risk
    • Article 7:942 Prescription
    • Article 7:943 Mandatory law
  • Section 7.17.2 Indemnity insurance (944-963)
    • Article 7:944 Definition of 'indemnity insurance agreement'
    • Article 7:945 ‘Insured person’
    • Article 7:946 ‘Insured interests’
    • Article 7:947 Withdrawal of the appointment of a third party as beneficiary
    • Article 7:948 Transfer of insured interests
    • Article 7:949 Insurance policies put to order or to bearer
    • Article 7:950 Right of termination at the death of the policyholder
    • Article 7:951 Damage caused by the nature of or a defect in the insured object itself
    • Article 7:952 Own fault of the insured person
    • Article 7:953 Insurance against liability and the prohibition to acknowledge (admit) certain events or facts
    • Article 7:954 Direct rights of the injured person towards the insurer in case of an insurance against liability
    • Article 7:955 Insured sum
    • Article 7:956 Insured value
    • Article 7:957 Obligation to take measures to prevent or reduce damage
    • Article 7:958 Compensation for damage
    • Article 7:959 Compensation for costs
    • Article 7:960 Indemnity principle
    • Article 961 Multiple insurance coverage
    • Article 7:962 Subrogation of rights
    • Article 7:963 Mandatory law
  • Section 7.17.3 Sums insurance (non-indemnity insurance) (964-986)
    • Subsection 7.17.3.1 General provisions
    • Article 7:964 Definition of 'sums insurance agreement' ('non-indemnity insurance agreement')
    • Article 7:965 Definition of 'insured person', 'beneficiary' and 'insurance benefit'
    • Article 7:966 Appointment of a beneficiary and change of such an appointment
    • Article 7:967 Ending of an appointment as beneficiary;
    • Article 7:968 Moment on which an appointment becomes irrevocable
    • Article 7:969 Acceptance of the appointment as beneficiary
    • Article 7:970 Transfer of an entitlement derived from a sums insurance (non-indemnity insurance)
    • Article 7:971 Establishment of a pledge on the entitlement or debt-claims derived from a sums insurance (non-indemnity insurance)
    • Article 7:972 Restrictions of the rights to be exercised by the policyholder
    • Article 7:973 Deliberately materialising the risk
    • Article 7:974 Mandatory law
    • Subsection 7.17.3.2 Life insurance (or 'life assurance')
    • Article 7:975 Definition of 'life insurance agreement'
    • Article 7:976 Burial and funeral insurances
    • Article 7:977 Termination, rescission and expiration of a life insurance
    • Article 7:978 Right of the policyholder to surrender the life insurance or to make it free of premium
    • Article 7:979 Right to borrow money on the life insurance policy
    • Article 7:980 Non-payment of subsequent insurance premiums
    • Article 7:981 Death caused by an event excluded as insured risk
    • Article 7:982 Incorrect information about age or gender
    • Article 7:983 Legal effects of non-compliance with the pre-contractual information duty of Article 7:928 or 7:929
    • Article 7:984 Pledging and foreclosure of the entitlement of the policyholder
    • Article 7:985 Prescription
    • Article 7:986 Mandatory law
• Title 7.18 Life annuity agreement
  (Articles 900-902)
  • Article 7:990 Definition of 'life annuity'
  • Article 7:991 Payment of a life annuity benefit; proof that the beneficiary is alive
  • Article 7:992 Payment of the last life annuity benefit
• Title 7.19 Negotiable bills and other commercial documents
  (Articles not yet incorporated)
• Title 7.20 Cheques
  (Articles not yet incorporated)